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Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions
Kings, Priests, and Power in the Neo-Assyrian Period2019 •
Despite a relative dearth of information in the surviving corpus about Assyrian priests' more routine concerns, the Assyrian state correspondence contains some details that can improve our knowledge of priests' daily lives, rights, and responsibilities. Using four case studies, this paper analyzes situations in which priests are accused of misconduct or crimes to better understand the powers and expectations of individual priestly offices as well as the realities of everyday life that might have rendered these boundaries more flexible or surmountable. These cases of irregularities reveal that cul-tic personnel had distinct economic, legal, and judicial roles and were sometimes able to extend their powers when necessary to manage issues such as crime and shortages in resources, only requesting royal intervention as a last resort.
Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions
Let Praise of Aššur Not Be Forgotten: Temple Heterarchies and the Limits of Royal Patronage in the Neo-Assyrian Empire2021 •
Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions
Babylonian Priesthood during the Third Millennium BCE: Between Sacred and Profane2019 •
This article offers an overview of the early Babylonian priesthood, as it was organized and operated during the third millennium BCE. It is emphasized that the priests and priestesses proper, i.e., individuals who were specifically concerned with cultic matters, represented a relatively small segment of the employees of temple households. Much more numerous within these institutions (which might more appropriately be termed "temple communities") were the individuals whose roles were of either administrative or economic character. Focusing on the administrators of temple households, and identifying them as "Managerial Class," the article argues that, during Pre-Sargonic times, this social group wielded great economic and political power, which at times even exceeded that of the emerging secular leaders (such as ensiks and lugals). To demonstrate this point, an interaction between these two competing centers of powers (particularly in the city-state of Lagaš) is studied in detail. In memory of Itamar Singer Keywords temple household-palace-early Sumerian kingship-managerial class-Sanga-Ensik-Lugal-purification priests-Lu A List-Nam-šita
in: S. Görke und Ch. W. Steitler (Hrsg.), Cult, Temple, Sacred Spaces. Cult Practices and Cult Spaces in Hittite Anatolia and Neighbouring Cultures, StBoT 66, 2020, 57-70
The King in Ritual Action. The Assyrian Royal Temple RitualsAmong the numerous rituals performed at the Assyrian royal court, some state rituals stand out, as they are only found in Assyria and are written in Standard Babylonian interspersed with some elements of the Assyrian language. These include in particular the rites on the spring festivities in Assur and the tākultu 'banquet' rites. They provide deep insights into the Assyrian ideology and the role of the king in the Assyrian state. This article presents these rites with a special focus on the role of the king and discusses the question whether the king participated in these rites in persona, or whether he was present only in parts of the often long-lasting ritual sequences, or if these rites could be performed completely without the person of the king.
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Context-Aware, Ontology-Based Service Discovery2004 •
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An Investigation of Using Practices for Universal Design of Information Technology Products2009 •
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O GÊNERO Erythroxylum P.BROWNE (ERYTHROXYLACEAE) NA CHAPADA DO ARARIPE, NORDESTE DO BRASILRevista da Faculdade de Administração e Economia
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